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Freya radar
''Freya'' was an early warning radar deployed by Germany during World War II; it was named after the Norse Goddess ''Freyja''. During the war, over a thousand stations were built. A naval version operating on a slightly different wavelength was also developed as the ''Seetakt''.
==Development==
First tests of what would become the "''Freya''" were conducted in early 1937, with initial delivery of an operational radar to the ''Kriegsmarine'' in 1938 by the GEMA company. Freya supported an early version of Identification friend or foe (IFF). Aircraft equipped with the FuG 25a "''Erstling''" IFF system could be successfully queried across ranges of over 100 km.
The "AN" version gained a switchable phasing line for the antenna. Switching in the phasing line led to a phase displacement of the antenna's radiation pattern and with that, a "squinting" to the left or right. This enabled the system in effect to switch from the rather broad "scanning for maxima" to narrow lobe switching. In that mode, a skilled operator could achieve an angular resolution of 0.1°.
The ''Freya'' radar was more advanced than its British counterpart, Chain Home. ''Freya'' operated on a wavelength (250 MHz) while Chain Home used 12 m. This allowed ''Freya'' to use a much smaller antenna system, one that was easier to rotate, move and position. It also offered higher resolution, allowing it to detect smaller targets. Because of its complex design, only eight ''Freya'' stations were operational when the war started, resulting in large gaps between the covered areas. The British Chain Home radar, although less advanced and more prone to errors, was simpler, which meant that the complete Chain Home network was in place in time for the Battle of Britain.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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